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Unter den Linden. BERLIN. Section 1. 57
At the E. end of Unter den Linden rises the '^Monument of
Frederick the Great (PI. R, 23), 44 ft. in height, an impressive
and masterly work by Ranch, erected in 1851. On the top the great
king is represented on horseback, with an ermine mantle and his
crutch-handled stick. The pedestal is richly decorated with reliefs.
The uppermost section contains scenes from Frederick's life and
figures of Moderation, Justice, Wisdom, and Strength at the corners.
At the corners of the central section are four equestrian figures:
Prince Henry of Prussia and Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick on the E.,
and Generals Zieten and Seydlitz on the W. Between these are placed
spirited lifesize groups of other contemporaries and officers of the
king, including Prince August Wilhelm and Keith (E. side), Kleist,
Winterfeldt, and Tauentzien (N. side), Leopold of Anhalt-Dessau
and Schwerin (S. side), Lessing, Kant, and Graun (W. side). The
lowest section contains the dedication and the names of other dis¬
tinguished men, chiefly soldiers of the time of Frederick.
To the right (S.) of the monument is the Palace of Emperor
"William I. (PI. R, 23; adm., see p. 38), at present" belonging to
Prince Heinrich, erected by K. F. Langhans (p. 50) in 1834-36;
the decorations of the interior are by Strack. Entrance on the
right of the palace, between it and the adjacent 'Niederlandische
Palais' (where the cards of admission are obtained). Description
with views 50 pf.
The Ground Floor contains the simple rooms of the Emperor,
crowded with furniture and souvenirs of all kinds. The Fahnenzimmer,
to the E. of the main entrance, contains a picture by Camphausen (William I.
entering Berlin in 1871). Beyond the Ministers' Room is the Emperor's
Study, from the corner-window of which he was wont to watch the pass¬
ing guard. It is preserved unchanged and contains many reminiscences
of the old Kaiser. Behind the library is the bedroom (not shown) in
which he died on March 9th, 1888. — The Staircase is adorned with three
Victories by Ranch and other sculptures. — On the Upper Floor are
the Apartments of the Empress Augusta, including her Study, contain¬
ing a picture by Pesne of Frederick the Great as a child, and the room
(not shown) in which she died on Jan. 7th, 1890. — The W. part of this floor
is occupied by the handsome Reception Rooms.
Opposite the palace to the N. is the 'Academy Quarter' (PI. R, 23),
where new buildings in the baroque style after Ihne's designs are
being erected for the Academy of Science (founded after Leibnitz's
plan in 1700, see p. 47), the Royal Library (p. 58), and the University
Library (p. 58).
To the N. of the Academy Quarter, Dorotheen-Str. 7-8, is the Berlin
Chamber of Commerce, a baroque building by Cremer & Wolffenstein.
Adjacent, Nos. 9-10, is the University Library (196,000 vols.); on No. 10
are busts of A. S. Margraf (d. 1782), the discoverer of beet-sugar, and
of F. K Achard (d. 1821), the founder of the beet-sugar industry.
Beyond the Monument of Frederick the Great the street expands,
forming the Platz am Opernhause (Opern-Platz). The monumental
buildings surrounding this 'Forum Fridericianum' are, together