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2. Cathedral. Royal Palace. National Monument
to Emperor William I.
In a straight line with the E. prolongation of the Linden, and
spanning the Spree, is the *Schloss-Brueke (Palace Bridge; PI.
R, 26), 106 ft. in width, constructed in 1822-24 from designs by
Schinkel. It was adorned by Frederick William IV. with eight
groups in marble, over lifesize, illustrative of the life of a warrior.
On the S.: 1. Victory teaches the boy the history of the heroes, by
E. Wolff; 2. Athena instructs the youth in the use of weapons, by
Schievelbein; 3. Athena presents the combatant with arms, by
Moller; 4. Victory crowns the conqueror, by Drake. On the N.:
5. Victory raises the wounded warrior, by Wichmann; 6. Athena
protecting and aiding a combatant, by 1>1 User; 7. Athena inciting
him to a new contest, by A. Wolff; 8. Iris conducts the victorious
fallen warrior to Olympus, by Wredow.
Beyond the bridge extends the Lustgarten (PI. R, 26), an open
space planted with trees, 247 yds. in length and 220 yds. in width,
originally a garden belonging to the palace, and afterwards con¬
verted into a drill-ground by Frederick William I. In the centre,
on a pedestal of granite 20 ft. in height, rises the equestrian Statue
of Frederick "William TXE., by A. Wolff, 19 ft. in height, un¬
veiled in 1871. The pedestal is adorned with allegorical figures of
Clio (in front), Borussia with the Rhine and Memel on the right,
Science with Industry and Art on the left, between them Legisla¬
tion, and at the back Religion with the olive-branch, a reference to
the Union of the Evangelical Confessions (1S17). Military music at
noon (p. 31). — Beyond the statue, in front of the steps of the Old
Museum, is a huge Granite Basin, 22 ft. in diameter and 75 tons
in weight, hewn out of a solid erratic block of ten times the weight.
The *Cathedral (Dom; open on week-days 10-6) domin¬
ates not only the Lustgarten and its environs, but with its lofty
dome forms the distinguishing feature of any general view of Ber¬
lin. It occupies the site of another cathedral built in 1747-50, the
poverty of whose appearance even Schinkel (1816-17) was unable
to remedy, and of the beginnings of a royal vault ('Campo Santo'),
dating from the time of Frederick William IV. (1845-48). The new
building was erected in 1894-1905 in the style of the developed
Italian Renaissance by Julius RascMorff and his son, Otto Rasch-
dorff, at an expense of 10'/2 million marks (525,000 I.). Its dimen¬
sions are: length 344 ft., breadth 246 ft., height to the main cornice
102 ft., to the foot of the lantern 246 ft., aud to the top of the cross
on the dome 374 ft. The material is Silesian sandstone, with granite
for the lower courses of masonry, while the cupolas, lantern, aud
roofing are of copper.