Page 204
164 Section 9. BERLIN. Gnaden-Kirche.
The Geological Institution and School of Mines (PL
R, 21; plan, p. 162) was built in 1874-78. The School of Mines, which
was founded in 1860 and has now about 100 students, occupies the
groundfloor. In the vestibule are two paintings by L. Spangenberg
(the Kurische Nehrung, and the Papenkaul near Gerolstein). The
glass-covered court and the gallery of the first floor are occupied
by the Museum of Mining and Smelting (adm., see p. 38). The
processes of extracting and working the ore are shown in the court.
We may also notice here the gigantic fossil tree-trunks and the fine
examples of artistic casting from the former royal foundry at Berlin.
In the gallery of the first floor is a systematic collection of minerals
obtained by mining; in the N.E. corner a room containing the
mineralogical collection. — The other rooms of the first floor are
occupied by the Prussian Museum of National Geology. — On
the second floor (no adm.) are the offices of the Geological Institute
and a valuable collection of amber from Kbnigsberg.
In the Invaliden-Str., to the W. of the School of Mines, rises
the *Gnaden- Kirche (PI. R, 21; open daily, 12-1 and 5-7),
a Romanesque sandstone building by M. Spitta (A. 1902), erected
in 1891-95 to the memory of the Empress Augusta. The elaborate
choir has stained-glass windows by Linnemann and mosaics designed
by Geselschap. In front of the church stands an obelisk commem¬
orating the loss of the corvette Amazon.e in 1861. — Farther on,
to the W. of the Scharnhorst-Str., a new building for the Kaiser
Wilhelm Academy is being erected (comp. p. 145).
The Invalidenhaus (PL R, 21), on the W. side of the Scharn¬
horst-Str., erected by Frederick the Great in 1748 'lseso et invicto
militi', is devoid of architectural interest. Opposite, in the In-
validen-Park, is the National Wurriors' Monument, a Corinthian
column of iron, 145 ft. high, erected in 1854 to the memory of
soldiers who fell in 1848-49 (view from the top; apply to porter of
Invalidenhaus; adm. 10 pf.).
The Invaliden-Kirchhof, adjoining the Invalidenhaus on the N., is
the burial-place of many distinguished officers, including Scharnhorst
(d. 1813; monument by Schinkel, with reliefs by Tieck); Boyen (d. 1848),
founder of the 'Landwehr'; Friesen (d. 1814); Winterfeldt (d. 1757;
transferred hither in 1857); and Tauenzien von Wittenberg (d. 1824).
To the W. of the Invaliden-Park the Invaliden-Strasse crosses
the Berlin und Spandau Canal, which is connected with the
Spree on the S. by means of the Humboldt-Hafen (PL R, 21) and
separates the Oranienburg suburb from the quarter of Moabit
(comp. p. 54). — In front of the old Hamburg Station is a bronze
bust of Fr. Neuhaus (A. 1876), founder of the railway from Berlin
to Hamburg. Since 1906 the building has contained the Royal
Museum of Traffic and Engineering (PL R, 21; adm., see