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192 Section 14. POTSDAM. St. Nicholas's.
that in the Berlin Arsenal) was erected here in 1885 on the side
next the parade-ground, where he used to drill his gigantic grena¬
diers. The spring review of the garrison still takes place here.
To the N. of the palace is the Altmakkt, in which is an Obelisk,
75 ft. in height, embellished with medallion portraits of the Gi-eat
Elector and the first three kings of Prussia. On the E. side of the
square is the Rathaus, built in 1753 in the Dutch style, with a
gilded figure of Atlas bearing the globe above the gable.
The Church of St. Nicholas, in the Altmarkt, erected in
1830-37 from Schinkel's designs, a lofty edifice of cubical form
with a dome added in 1842-50, contains a large fresco in the apse
(Christ with the apostles and evangelists) by Schinkel, and four
prophets by Cornelius in the spandrels of the vaulting under the
dome. Fine view from the open colonnade of the dome. (Sacristan
at the parsonage, adjoining the church on the right.)
The Garrison Church, 5 min. to the W. of the palace, was
built by Gerlach in 1731-35. Adm. (see p. 189) in summer 10-6 by
Portal B; in winter apply to the sacristan, Kiez-Str. 24. A vault
behind the marble pulpit contains the remains of Frederick the Great
and of his father Frederick William I., the founder of the church. In
this church Frederick William III. and Alexander I. of Russia formed
their friendly alliance on Nov. 4th, 1805. The peal of bells in the
tower chimes at the quarters. — To the N., in the Plantage, is a
bronze replica of the statue of Frederick the Great, by Uphues
(p. 142). To the W. is the large Military Orphanage, founded by
Frederick William I. and rebuilt in 1771-78 by Gontard. Adjacent, in
the Waisen-Str., is the Rechnungshof des Deutschen Reiches (built
in 1904-7), where the budget of the German Empire is controlled.
The Wilhelm-Platz, skirted by the tramway, is adorned with a
Statue of Frederick William III, by Kiss (1845).— To the N.E.,
in the Bassin-Platz, are the French Church, built by Knobels¬
dorff in 1752, and the Roman Catholic Church (1867-70). To the
N. and W. of the square is the Dutch Quarter mentioned on p. 190.
To the W., the Charlotten-Strasse, with numerous palatial buildings
erected by Frederick the Great (see p. 190), and the Brandenburger-
Strasse lead to the Brandenburg Gate; between these streets, in the
Waisen-Str., is the Offzier-Casino, built by Schinkel in 1823-24.
The Brandenburg Gate (l'/a M. from the rail, station; tram¬
way see p. 189) was erected by Unger in 1770 in the form of a Ro¬
man triumphal arch. Outside the gate, in the Luisen-Platz, is a
bronze Statue of Emperor Frederick III., in bronze, by Bbrmel
(1903). To the S.W. of the Luisen-Platz extends the Brandenburg
Suburb, with the station of Charlottenhof (p. 196). — The Hohen-
zollern-Str. leads to the N. to the main entrance of the Park of
Sanssouci (p. 193; beside the obelisk) and to the so-called Weinbergs-